http://hdl.handle.net/2173/31802 Tue, 21 May 2013 16:14:11 GMT 2013-05-21T16:14:11Z http://hdl.handle.net/2173/87780 Title: Computational simulation as theoretical experiment Authors: Edmonds, Bruce Abstract: Agent-based simulation can help establish the possibility and characteristics of emergent processes. However the simulation is meaningless without an accompanying interpretation. We argue that the original context needs to be carried with the simulation so as to limit excess generalization from such models. The simulation becomes a theoretical experiment which mediates between observations of the phenomena and natural language descriptions. Replication and exploration of simulations can start to identify the extent of their validity, and thus pave the way for cautions and limited generalization of results. This is illustrated by reimplementing and re-examining two established models. Schelling's model of racial segregation is shown to give counter-intuitive results when pushed out of its intended context—the domain of valid interpretation is narrower than that covered by the whole the model. Takahashi's model of generalized exchange is shown to have included unnecessary assumptions. In this case the domain of valid interpretation is wider than the model (at least in this aspect). A tag-based variation is described where generalized exchange is shown to emerge without information about the past behavior of others. Description: This article was originally published following peer-review in Journal of Mathematical Sociology, published by and copyright Taylor & Francis Inc. Fri, 01 Jul 2005 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2173/87780 2005-07-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2173/81276 Title: An approach for measuring semantic similarity between words using multiple information sources Authors: Li, Yuhua; Bandar, Zuhair A.; McLean, David A. Abstract: Semantic similarity between words is becoming a generic problem for many applications of computational linguistics and artificial intelligence. This paper explores the determination of semantic similarity by a number of information sources, which consist of structural semantic information from a lexical taxonomy and information content from a corpus. To investigate how information sources could be used effectively, a variety of strategies for using various possible information sources are implemented. A new measure is then proposed which combines information sources nonlinearly. Experimental evaluation against a benchmark set of human similarity ratings demonstrates that the proposed measure significantly outperforms traditional similarity measures. Description: Full-text of this article is not available in this e-prints service. This article was originally published following peer-review in IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, published by and copyright IEEE. Wed, 01 Jan 2003 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2173/81276 2003-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2173/74214 Title: Electronic roads: intelligent navigation through multi-contextual information Authors: Fakas, George; Kakas, Antonis; Schizas, Christos Abstract: This paper proposes a model for intelligent navigation through multi-contextual information that could form electronic roads in the information society. This paper aims to address the problem of electronic information roads, define their notion and the technical form they can take as well as present the tools developed for implementing such a system. The main objective of the proposed model is to give the traveler the capability of exploring the information space in a natural way where the information offered will remain continuously interesting. The system offers links to information in a dynamic and adaptive way. This is achieved by employing intelligent navigation techniques, which combine user profiling and meta-data. Electronic roads emphasize the presentation of multi-contextual information, i.e., information that is semantically related but of different nature at different locations and time. An electronic road is the user’s navigation path through a series of information units. Information units are the building blocks of the available cultural information content. Description: The original publication is available at http://www.springer.com/ Thu, 01 Jan 2004 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2173/74214 2004-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2173/31354 Title: Decision tree extraction from trained neural networks Authors: Dancey, Darren; McLean, David A.; Bandar, Zuhair A. Abstract: Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) have proved both a popular and powerful technique for pattern recognition tasks in a number of problem domains. However, the adoption of ANNs in many areas has been impeded, due to their inability to explain how they came to their conclusion, or show in a readily comprehendible form the knowledge they have obtained. This paper presents an algorithm that addresses these problems. The algorithm achieves this by extracting a Decision Tree, a graphical and easily understood symbolic representation of a decision process, from a trained ANN. The algorithm does not make assumptions about the ANN’s architecture or training algorithm; therefore, it can be applied to any type of ANN. The algorithm is empirically compared with Quinlan’s C4.5 (a common Decision Tree induction algorithm) using standard benchmark datasets. For most of the datasets used in the evaluation, the new algorithm is shown to extract Decision Trees that have a higher predictive accuracy than those induced using C4.5 directly. Description: This paper was originally presented at the 17th International FLAIRS Conference, Florida, United States, 17-19 May 2004. Sat, 01 May 2004 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2173/31354 2004-05-01T00:00:00Z